This guide answers the questions I am asked most often about the deep plane facelift. It is meant to help you understand the operation, what recovery involves, and what shapes the result, so that you can make your decision with confidence. The first part covers the essentials. The second is more personal: what sixteen years of facelift surgery have taught me.
A facelift is so much more than a technical procedure. Yet almost all the attention goes to technique: which method is better, and why one surgeon’s approach beats another’s.
Technique matters, of course. A surgeon’s skill and experience have an enormous impact on the result. But what matters most is not simply what I do. It is how I do it.
In that, the technique is outweighed by judgment. There is judgment in the operating room, weighing the benefits and risks of every element of the surgery: how the incisions are designed, how far to release the tissues, the direction in which they are lifted, and how the skin is redistributed.
Even more important is the judgment about you. What are you looking for? How close to that can we realistically come? What will be a challenge in your case? What could leave you dissatisfied, given your own circumstances?
The human side of what I do is the most important part, and the most satisfying. Patients come to me picturing an improved version of themselves. Not a different person, but a refreshed, more vibrant version of who they already are. Each has different reasons, a different aesthetic sense, and different worries and fears. Navigating that, deciding what is appropriate and when the time is right, is the key to everything that follows.
As we age, three things change in the face at once. The skin loses elasticity. The fat of the cheeks descends and thins, so fullness that once sat high on the cheekbone settles along the jawline and into the neck. And the bones of the face slowly recede, taking support away from the eyes, cheeks and jaw.
Just beneath the skin is a thin, strong layer called the SMAS, which continues into the neck as the platysma muscle. This layer, not the skin, is where a facelift does its work.
In a deep plane facelift, I release the SMAS from the small ligaments that hold it down, then lift the face and neck together as one unit. The cheek fat returns to where it sat years ago, the jawline is redefined, and the neck is tightened from beneath. All of the tension is placed on this deeper layer. The skin is simply laid back over the new contour and the excess trimmed, without being pulled.
That is why a well-performed deep plane facelift looks natural. The pulled, stretched or windswept look that people fear comes from tightening skin. Repositioning the deeper tissues avoids it, and because the support comes from a strong layer, the result also lasts longer.
Many patients assume “deep” means more invasive. It does not. In experienced hands, working in this deeper layer gives a stronger, longer-lasting result with no difference in downtime.
The operation is often combined with other procedures in the same sitting: eyelid surgery, a brow lift, tightening of the central neck, and fat grafting to restore lost volume under the eyes, in the cheeks, and around the mouth. One operation means one anaesthetic and one recovery.
SMAS stands for superficial musculoaponeurotic system. It is a thin, fibrous sheet that lies between the fat under your skin and the deeper muscles that move your face. It wraps around the facial muscles of expression and continues into the neck, where it becomes the platysma, the muscle that forms vertical bands in an aging neck.
Think of the face in layers: skin on the surface, then a layer of fat, then the SMAS, and beneath it the muscles, deeper fat pads, and bone. The SMAS is anchored to the bone in a few places by small, strong ligaments. With age, the SMAS and the fat above it slide down, and the ligaments act like tethers, which is part of why folds and jowls form where they do.
Because the SMAS is strong and holds stitches well, it is the layer that gives a facelift its lift and its durability. Skin stretches over time. The SMAS does not.
Most modern facelifts lift the SMAS in some way. The differences lie in how much it is released, how it is moved, and what it carries with it.
Technique |
What is done |
In brief |
Skin-only facelift |
The skin is lifted and pulled tight. The SMAS is not addressed. |
An older approach. Prone to a pulled look and short-lived results. Rarely used today. |
SMAS plication or imbrication |
The SMAS is folded or tightened with stitches, without being released. |
Less dissection. The tethering ligaments stay in place, which limits how far the tissues can move. |
SMASectomy |
A strip of SMAS is removed, and the edges are stitched together. |
Similar in principle to plication. |
Short-scar and suspension lifts (e.g. MACS) |
Smaller incisions; the tissues are suspended with stitches. |
Shorter recovery for mild changes. Less effect on the neck. |
High SMAS facelift |
The SMAS is released along a higher line, near the cheekbone. |
Lifts the midface as well as the jawline. |
Deep plane facelift |
The SMAS and the tissues above it are released from the retaining ligaments and lifted as one unit. |
Moves the cheek, jawline, and neck together. Tension sits in the deep layer, not the skin. |
Endoscopic (“ponytail”) lift |
Small incisions within the hairline, the brow, and the midface are lifted using a camera. |
Suited to earlier aging of the upper and middle face, without a scar around the ear. |
Thread lift |
Barbed threads are placed under the skin. |
Not a facelift. Modest and temporary. |
You will see many names for these operations, and “deep plane” is now used by many surgeons to describe quite different procedures. A name tells you very little. What matters is which layer is released, how completely, and the judgment and experience of the surgeon performing it. No single technique is right for every face.
A face ages in two ways at once. Tissues descend, and tissues deflate. A facelift answers the first: it lifts what has fallen back to where it belongs. It cannot replace what has been lost. Hollows under the eyes, flattened cheeks, thinning lips, deepened folds around the mouth: these come from lost volume, and lifting alone will not fill them.
When a deflated face is lifted without restoring volume, it can look tight, flat or “operated”, even when the lift itself is excellent. That is why, for most of my patients, I add fat grafting during the same operation. In 2016 I called it “perhaps the greatest advance in my ability to produce exceptional results” with facelift surgery, and I still believe that. The lift gives strength. The fat gives softness.
A small amount of fat is taken gently, usually from the abdomen or thighs, through a very fine cannula. It is purified, then placed back in tiny droplets, one at a time, in the areas that have hollowed. I do this first, before the lift, because it is one of the most delicate parts of the operation. It takes time and patience, and that time is worth it.
What people believe |
What is true |
“Fat will make my face look puffy or fat.” |
Fat is placed in very small amounts, only where volume has been lost. The goal is to restore what was there, not add bulk. |
“It all just dissolves.” |
Survival varies a little from patient to patient, but in most patients, 50 to 70 percent of the fat survives. What survives is living tissue that stays. |
“It’s the same as filler.” |
It is your own living tissue, with no foreign material. It ages with you and does not need repeating every year. |
“The lift will take care of the hollows.” |
Lifting repositions tissue. It cannot replace the volume that has gone. |
“It will leave lumps.” |
With fine instruments and careful, small placements, lumps are uncommon. The area under the eyes needs particular care, and that is where experience matters most. |
A facelift treats the lower face, jawline, and neck, and lifts the cheeks. It does not change the brow, the eyelids, the lips, or the surface of the skin. Most of my patients have one or more of these addressed at the same time.
Procedure |
What it treats |
Why it pairs well |
What to weigh |
Brow lift |
A heavy or low brow, hooding over the outer eyelid, a tired or stern look |
Brings the upper face into balance with the lifted lower face |
Incisions within the hairline; temporary scalp numbness; must be measured carefully to avoid a surprised look |
Upper eyelid surgery |
Excess, hooded skin on the upper lids |
Planned together with the brow, so the two are balanced |
Quick recovery; removing too much skin can hollow the eye, so restraint matters |
Lower eyelid surgery |
Bags, hollows, the dark groove between the lid and the cheek |
Blends the lower lid into the lifted cheek as one smooth contour |
Swelling lasts longer; temporary dryness; the lid position must be protected |
Lip lift |
A long upper lip, thinning, and a little upper tooth showing |
The mouth ages, too; a refreshed face with an aged mouth looks unbalanced |
A fine scar under the nose; careful planning of how much to shorten |
Laser resurfacing |
Fine lines, texture, and sun damage, especially around the mouth and eyes |
A lift changes the shape of the face, not the skin’s surface |
Redness for several weeks. Either the full face or selected areas, such as under the eyes and around the mouth, are chosen by skin type, the degree of skin change, and pigmentation |
The submandibular glands are salivary glands that sit just beneath and behind the jawbone, one on each side. In some patients, because of genetics and sometimes as part of aging, these glands sit low or are naturally large. You see this as a fullness just below the jawline, or a softening of the line where the jaw meets the neck. A facelift and neck lift tighten the tissues around the gland, but they do not change the gland itself. In a patient with low or large glands, that fullness can remain after an otherwise excellent lift, and the jawline will not be as defined as it could be.
Gland reduction is not a new procedure, but it has become much more common alongside facelift and neck lift surgery over the last few years. Through the same incisions, the part of the gland that hangs below the jawline is carefully reduced. Not every patient needs it. I recommend it only when the gland is clearly contributing to fullness under the jaw.
Benefits |
Considerations |
A sharper, cleaner jawline in patients with low or large glands |
A small risk of a salivary leak or bleeding from the gland during recovery |
Removes fullness that lifting alone cannot correct |
Patients with a history of dry mouth are poor candidates, as reduction can make dry mouth worse |
Done through the same incisions, at the same time as the lift |
Adds some time to surgery |
Whether your glands need attention is something I assess at your consultation, by examining your neck and how it changes when you move.
Every incision is marked before surgery so that it falls where it will be hardest to see.
At the temple: just inside the first few rows of hair, so it is hidden by the hair itself.
Keeping the incision at the edge of the hairline, rather than cutting across it, avoids a step or notch in the hairline. Because no tension is placed on the skin, the incisions are closed with very fine stitches and heal into thin lines. Most patients can wear their hair up, or in a ponytail, once healed.
Everyone heals at their own pace, but most patients follow a similar course.
When |
What to expect |
First two nights |
You rest under the care of our nurses. Swelling and a feeling of tightness are normal. Discomfort is usually modest and well controlled. |
Days 3 to 7 |
Dressings come off. You can shower and wash your hair. The first stitches come out at about five days, the rest at about a week. |
Week 2 |
Bruising fades. Most people are comfortable out for walks and errands. Many return to desk work at 10 to 14 days. |
Weeks 3 to 4 |
Most people are comfortable socially, with light makeup if needed. Light exercise can resume. |
Weeks 4 to 6 |
Full exercise usually resumes. Some firmness and numbness around the ears and neck is normal. |
Months 3 to 12 |
Remaining swelling settles and scars soften. The result continues to refine through the first year. |
Having performed this procedure for the better part of two decades, I can tell you the answer varies a great deal. It depends on each patient’s anatomy and biology.
Rather than asking how long a facelift lasts, a better question is: how long before I return to where I started? A facelift does not suddenly wear off, and the face does not revert to its original position. What happens is that ageing continues. A facelift sets the clock back, and from there the face goes on ageing naturally.
How quickly that happens varies. Based on studies of my own patients, it typically takes seven to twelve years to return to the starting point. So, about ten years after surgery, most patients look close to how they looked before. But they are now ten years older. The clock has been reset, and that reset is permanent. Patients enjoy it for the rest of their lives.
The main factor I see is the quality of the tissues. In patients with very elastic or very thin skin, the SMAS and platysma, the layer we lift and tighten, also tends to stretch out more quickly. In essence, the fabric we are working with is more delicate, and it relaxes sooner than it does in others.
Part of my assessment at your consultation is an estimate of how long your result is likely to last, based on your own tissues.
Two patients can have the same operation by the same surgeon and look different afterward. That is because the operation works with what each face brings to it.
This is also why comparing your result to someone else’s, or to a photo online, can mislead. The right comparison is your own face before and after.
Tends to help |
Tends to limit the result or add risk |
Good general health |
Smoking or vaping, including nicotine pouches |
Stable weight |
Large weight changes ahead, or recent rapid weight loss |
Good bone support in the jaw, chin and cheeks |
A small chin or weak jaw (often improved with a chin implant) |
Healthy skin with some elasticity |
Heavily sun-damaged or very thin skin |
Clear, realistic goals |
Hoping surgery will resolve something it cannot |
Support at home during recovery |
Little time or help to recover |
Little or no previous filler, or dissolvable filler only |
Permanent fillers, or large amounts of filler over many years |
No previous facelift |
Previous facelift or thread lift |
None of these alone rules someone out. They shape the plan, the expectations we set together, and sometimes the timing.
There is no best age. What matters is what is happening in your face and neck, not the number on your birth certificate. Most of my facelift patients are in their late forties to sixties, but I operate on patients in their late thirties and in their seventies.
In general:
Everyone ages at a different rate, and the amount of change that bothers one person may not bother another. But in general, my preferred range for a deep plane facelift is the late forties to early sixties, and the sweet spot is often around 50 to 55.
At that stage there is enough to correct that the improvement is real and noticeable, but not so much that it looks like a dramatic change from who you were. It is worth the investment of time, recovery and cost, without being a drastic departure from your baseline. The tissues are still in good condition and respond well. And patients get to enjoy the result during a prime stage of their lives, rather than waiting years to feel the benefit.
More patients in their late thirties and forties now ask about facelift surgery. There are a few reasons.
A younger patient needs particular care in planning. The aim is to correct what is there without overdoing it, so the face continues to age naturally from a better starting point. Sometimes the right answer is to wait, or to choose a non-surgical approach first, and I will say so.
Most facelift patients today have had filler at some point. That is not a problem in itself, but it needs to be planned for.
With the wide use of GLP-1 medications such as Ozempic, Wegovy and Mounjaro, and other peptides, many patients are experiencing the benefits of rapid weight loss. For overall health, that can be a very good thing. For facelift surgery, it raises some important considerations.
If a patient has a facelift and then goes on to lose a significant amount of weight, it can have a real effect on the result. As fat and volume are lost from the face, the tissues loosen again, and laxity can return early.
There is a second concern. Newer research suggests that GLP-1 medications may also affect the quality of the skin itself, with a breakdown in its collagen and elastin structure. So patients on these medications can see both a loss of volume and a loss of tissue quality at the same time.
My advice is to hold off on facelift and neck lift surgery until you are within 10 to 15 pounds of your ideal weight. That way, the result is built on a stable foundation and will last.
If you are taking a GLP-1 medication, please tell us. It also needs to be paused for a period before surgery for anaesthetic safety, and our team will give you specific instructions.
Some things make the operation more demanding, or the result less predictable. None necessarily rules surgery out, but each needs to be known in advance.
I have always felt I was born to do this work. I knew I wanted to be a surgeon when I was eight years old, even though there were no doctors in my family. My family’s story is one of starting over. My ancestors left India in the late 1800s for East Africa and built their lives there. Generations later, they were forced to leave the homes they had made, first for England and then for North America. Resilience and perseverance were not ideas in our house. They were simply how we lived.
My role model has always been my grandfather. He was humble, with a huge heart. Any stranger who came to his door was treated as a guest. Manners and respect came first, and human connection above all. And he believed in giving everything you have to whatever you do, every time, in every situation. I carry that into every consultation and every operation.
I get my satisfaction from dedication. From mastering a task. From precision and attention to detail. I have never been able to accept “okay.” But skill is only part of what I do. The rest is understanding how people feel, caring with my whole heart, and connecting with them. That is what drives me.
At home, my wife is my best friend and my partner in every way. Our children are my life. And four furry pets roam the house and make it warmer than it would otherwise be. I am always working, and rarely sitting back. I like to be on the move. And I love to laugh. At the end of the day, humour can be found in so many parts of life, and I try never to lose sight of it.
In 2016 I wrote a chapter on the deep plane facelift for Dissecting the Facelift, a book in which twenty facelift surgeons from around the world each explained their approach. Some of what I wrote then still holds exactly:
“The procedure should be envisioned as a repositioning and volumizing procedure rather than a pulling or stretching.”
“The modern face lift must incorporate a marriage of art and science, and combination of the most advanced innovations with time-tested, proven techniques.”
Other things I believed then turned out to be wrong, or at least incomplete. These are the lessons that changed how I work.
A facelift is not a matter of picking procedures from a checklist. It is not a fast food menu. It is a blueprint, and it is different for every patient. What one person considers not enough, another will think is too much. And it is not simply artwork. I do not have a blank canvas, and I do not have the right to express my own creativity without considering the person I am working with.
During my training I worked relentlessly to earn a fellowship at the University of Michigan with one of the leaders in deep plane facelift surgery. That year gave me my foundation. I still obsess over the details of surgery, and I am still refining my technique.
But I have come to realize that, from the patient’s side, the difference between a technical 90 percent and a 95 percent is almost imperceptible. What they remember is how they were spoken to from our first meeting. Whether someone held their hand as they went under anaesthesia. How they were cared for in those delicate first few days of recovery. That mattered far more than I understood.
And no one technique was ever always better than another.
I have trained thirteen fellows, each for a full year under my direct observation. They came to me from programs such as Columbia, Cornell, Harvard, NYU, Tufts and UCLA.
What they taught me is that natural fluidity and grace with the hands is real. With practice and patience, you can become very good at something. Training produces surgeons who are safe and consistent, who get the job done well, over and over. But you have to be born to drive Formula One.
The deep plane facelift is not new. Dr. Sam Hamra described it in 1990 as a way to get a stronger, longer-lasting result. I have used it since 2010. What matters most to me is not only its strength. It is how natural it looks. Lifting the face and neck together, as one untethered unit, lets the tissues settle where they belong, with no uneven tension.
When I started, few surgeons performed it. Today almost everyone offers some version of a “deep plane facelift”, and patients use the term as often as surgeons do. But saying you do a procedure means very little. This is a craft, and the same operation is different in different hands. Skill, judgement and vision decide the result.
Patients today see a dizzying amount of information. The more they research, the more their feeds fill with content, and the harder it becomes to know what is real and what is hype. Part of my job is to help people see clearly.
When I started, I worked with good people: rotating anaesthesiologists who were faculty at the University of Toronto, nurses from private centres who had worked with fine surgeons, excellent hospitals and surgical centres. I did not realize how much the setting and the team shape the result.
I do now. Dr. Tom Donnelly, my anaesthesiologist, has been one of my best friends for more than twenty years. More importantly, his competence, his judgement and the way we work together are critical. Around us are scrub technicians and assistants who know how I work, our Director of Nursing, the same recovery nurses every day, our own overnight nurses whom we have trained ourselves, and our own dermatologist and aestheticians to look after our patients’ skin.
This is different. And it is not fluff. Looking after someone’s health and wellbeing from every angle changes their recovery and their result.
In recent years I have put great effort into optimizing everything around the operation itself. Where you stay, who looks after you, what you eat before and after surgery, and how your skin is prepared and cared for afterward are not afterthoughts. They are designed in advance, as part of your plan.
It is easy to think the surgery is what matters and everything else is secondary. It is not. The surgeon, the technique and the approach are critical. But the care before and after surgery shapes the outcome just as surely. The whole approach matters. A perfect operation does not guarantee a happy patient I used to believe that if I did the right operation, and did it well, I could make everyone happy. That is not true.
Patients now come to me with an excellent result as a given. It is expected. What I understand now is that a person’s background, their social setting, the support they have, their personality, their anxiety and their mood are all critical to a good outcome.
What I do now
I try first to understand my patients: where they have come from, what they are looking for, and where they are going.
At the same time, I am much more forward in what I recommend. Experience has taught me what will work and what will not, what is high yield and what carries more risk. In the end, it is about judgement, and it is about balance.
Shorter pieces on the questions that come up again and again in my consultations.
I do not think the decision to have facial surgery is about vanity. Very few people who sit across from me want to look like someone else, or to look twenty-five again. They want to close the gap between how they feel and how they look.
A story I hear often: someone in their fifties, fit, busy, doing some of the best work of their life, who keeps being told they look tired. They are not tired. Their face has simply aged faster than they have. Over time that gap changes how they feel in photographs, in meetings, and in the mirror first thing in the morning.
We read faces before we hear a word. Within seconds, we judge energy, health and mood from them. Wanting your face to reflect who you are is not a small or frivolous wish.
What your family may say
Partners and children are often surprised. “You look fine,” they say, and they mean it. When you see someone every day, you do not notice gradual change, in the same way you do not notice a child growing until a relative visits after a year away. You notice, because you see the photographs and the mirror. Both of you are right.
I encourage patients to bring the people closest to them into the decision. Their support during recovery matters more than most people expect.
Recovery has an emotional shape. The first few days are often fine, even upbeat. Toward the end of the first week, when swelling is at its peak and you do not yet look like yourself, many patients feel low, and some wonder why they did it. That is normal, and it passes. By the third or fourth week most people feel like themselves again, and over the following months the result settles into a face that simply looks like them, rested.
Knowing this in advance helps. So does having our team at the other end of the phone.
In 2016 I described three things that change in the ageing face. I still think about it the same way.
These happen together, and no single treatment answers all three. That is why a good plan often combines lifting, restoring volume, and caring for the skin.
Nothing stops aging, but a few things set a better starting point and help a surgical result last:
Some of the most demanding patients I see, and some of the most rewarding, have had a facelift before that did not turn out as they hoped.
The concerns are usually a combination of a few things:
A second facelift is harder than a first. Scar tissue changes the layers, the blood supply is different, and there is less skin to work with. I usually advise waiting at least a year after the first operation so the tissues can settle. Meaningful improvement is often possible, but some changes cannot be fully undone, and I am honest about that from the start.
The best revision is the one that is never needed. Choose your surgeon on their body of work, not on the price or the name given to the technique.
It is hard to define, but everyone recognizes it. These are some of the things I look at:
Proportions and measurements have their place, and I know them well. But I do not operate from a formula. I operate on a person, and the goal is that person at their best.
Surgery changes the shape of the face. It does not change the surface. Fine lines, texture, sun spots and uneven colour live in the skin, and a lifted face with neglected skin can look like a smoother version of tired skin.
That is why skin care is part of my practice, not an afterthought. Dr. Sonya Abdulla, our dermatologist, and our aestheticians work with my patients before surgery to prepare the skin, alongside surgery when laser is planned, and afterward to maintain it.
The basics are simple, and they matter more than any single product:
Practice Policy Update Regarding COVID-19
Dear Patients:
At FACE Toronto we are committed to protecting the safety of our patients, staff, and the general public while maintaining our high standard of quality care. As a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, we have made changes to our patient care practices in accordance with all provincial and Public Health recommendations. Our team has been working diligently on enhancing our safety protocols to protect the well-being of our patients, team members, and families. We would like to highlight how we are providing a safe environment for you and our team:
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